Table 1. ER affinity, antioxidant potency, plasma protein binding, and selected physicochemical properties of E₂ and DHED.

Lipid peroxidation was determined using the FTC (ferric thiocyanate) and TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) assays. LogP denotes the logarithm of n-octanol/water partition coefficient as a measure of lipophilicity with values predicted by the method incorporated into the BioMedCAChe program (version 6.1). Data are averages ± SEM (n = 3). n.i., no inhibition. IC₅₀, median inhibitory concentration.

Compound	ER binding IC₅₀ (nM)		Inhibition of lipid peroxidation: IC₅₀ (μM)		Binding to human plasma proteins (%)	Lipophilicity (logP_calc)	Intrinsic water solubility at 25°C (μg/ml)
Compound	ERα	ERβ	FTC	TBARS	Binding to human plasma proteins (%)	Lipophilicity (logP_calc)	Intrinsic water solubility at 25°C (μg/ml)
E₂	1.3	0.7	11.8 ± 1.6	3.9 ± 0.4	97.8 ± 0.3	4.01	4.2 ± 0.3
DHED	>10,000	>10,000	n.i.	n.i.	58.0 ± 0.6	1.67	60.3 ± 1.7