RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 A comparison of four serological assays for detecting anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human serum samples from different populations JF Science Translational Medicine FD American Association for the Advancement of Science SP eabc3103 DO 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc3103 VO 12 IS 559 A1 Grzelak, Ludivine A1 Temmam, Sarah A1 Planchais, Cyril A1 Demeret, Caroline A1 Tondeur, Laura A1 Huon, Christèle A1 Guivel-Benhassine, Florence A1 Staropoli, Isabelle A1 Chazal, Maxime A1 Dufloo, Jeremy A1 Planas, Delphine A1 Buchrieser, Julian A1 Rajah, Maaran Michael A1 Robinot, Remy A1 Porrot, Françoise A1 Albert, Mélanie A1 Chen, Kuang-Yu A1 Crescenzo-Chaigne, Bernadette A1 Donati, Flora A1 Anna, François A1 Souque, Philippe A1 Gransagne, Marion A1 Bellalou, Jacques A1 Nowakowski, Mireille A1 Backovic, Marija A1 Bouadma, Lila A1 Le Fevre, Lucie A1 Le Hingrat, Quentin A1 Descamps, Diane A1 Pourbaix, Annabelle A1 Laouénan, Cédric A1 Ghosn, Jade A1 Yazdanpanah, Yazdan A1 Besombes, Camille A1 Jolly, Nathalie A1 Pellerin-Fernandes, Sandrine A1 Cheny, Olivia A1 Ungeheuer, Marie-Noëlle A1 Mellon, Guillaume A1 Morel, Pascal A1 Rolland, Simon A1 Rey, Felix A. A1 Behillil, Sylvie A1 Enouf, Vincent A1 Lemaitre, Audrey A1 Créach, Marie-Aude A1 Petres, Stephane A1 Escriou, Nicolas A1 Charneau, Pierre A1 Fontanet, Arnaud A1 Hoen, Bruno A1 Bruel, Timothée A1 Eloit, Marc A1 Mouquet, Hugo A1 Schwartz, Olivier A1 van der Werf, Sylvie YR 2020 UL http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/12/559/eabc3103.abstract AB Individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 mount an antibody response that may vary depending on the severity of the disease. Grzelak et al. assessed the amounts of anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum samples from 491 healthy individuals before the pandemic, 51 individuals hospitalized with COVID-19, 209 suspected cases of COVID-19 with mild symptoms, and 200 healthy blood donors. The authors developed and compared the performance of four different serological assays measuring antibody amounts and their neutralizing activity. The assays enabled a broad evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and antibody profiling in asymptomatic, mildly symptomatic, and severe cases of COVID-19.It is of paramount importance to evaluate the prevalence of both asymptomatic and symptomatic cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection and their differing antibody response profiles. Here, we performed a pilot study of four serological assays to assess the amounts of anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum samples obtained from 491 healthy individuals before the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, 51 individuals hospitalized with COVID-19, 209 suspected cases of COVID-19 with mild symptoms, and 200 healthy blood donors. We used two ELISA assays that recognized the full-length nucleoprotein (N) or trimeric spike (S) protein ectodomain of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, we developed the S-Flow assay that recognized the S protein expressed at the cell surface using flow cytometry, and the luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assay that recognized diverse SARS-CoV-2 antigens including the S1 domain and the carboxyl-terminal domain of N by immunoprecipitation. We obtained similar results with the four serological assays. Differences in sensitivity were attributed to the technique and the antigen used. High anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibody titers were associated with neutralization activity, which was assessed using infectious SARS-CoV-2 or lentiviral-S pseudotype virus. In hospitalized patients with COVID-19, seroconversion and virus neutralization occurred between 5 and 14 days after symptom onset, confirming previous studies. Seropositivity was detected in 32% of mildly symptomatic individuals within 15 days of symptom onset and in 3% of healthy blood donors. The four antibody assays that we used enabled a broad evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and antibody profiling in different subpopulations within one region.