RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Function of an Implanted Tissue Glucose Sensor for More than 1 Year in Animals
JF Science Translational Medicine
FD American Association for the Advancement of Science
SP 42ra53
OP 42ra53
DO 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001148
VO 2
IS 42
A1 Gough, David A.
A1 Kumosa, Lucas S.
A1 Routh, Timothy L.
A1 Lin, Joe T.
A1 Lucisano, Joseph Y.
YR 2010
UL http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/2/42/42ra53.abstract
AB An implantable sensor capable of long-term monitoring of tissue glucose concentrations by wireless telemetry has been developed for eventual application in people with diabetes. The sensor telemetry system functioned continuously while implanted in subcutaneous tissues of two pigs for a total of 222 and 520 days, respectively, with each animal in both nondiabetic and diabetic states. The sensor detects glucose via an enzyme electrode that is based on differential electrochemical oxygen detection, which reduces the sensitivity of the sensor to encapsulation by the body, variations in local microvascular perfusion, limited availability of tissue oxygen, and inactivation of the enzymes. After an initial 2-week stabilization period, the implanted sensors maintained stability of calibration for extended periods. The lag between blood and tissue glucose concentrations was 11.8 ± 5.7 and 6.5 ± 13.3 minutes (mean ± standard deviation), respectively, for rising and falling blood glucose challenges. The lag resulted mainly from glucose mass transfer in the tissues, rather than the intrinsic response of the sensor, and showed no systematic change over implant test periods. These results represent a milestone in the translation of the sensor system to human applications.