PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Koyama, Shohei
AU  - Aoshi, Taiki
AU  - Tanimoto, Takeshi
AU  - Kumagai, Yutaro
AU  - Kobiyama, Kouji
AU  - Tougan, Takahiro
AU  - Sakurai, Kazuo
AU  - Coban, Cevayir
AU  - Horii, Toshihiro
AU  - Akira, Shizuo
AU  - Ishii, Ken J.
TI  - Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Delineate Immunogenicity of Influenza Vaccine Subtypes
AID  - 10.1126/scitranslmed.3000759
DP  - 2010 Mar 31
TA  - Science Translational Medicine
PG  - 25ra24--25ra24
VI  - 2
IP  - 25
4099  - http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/2/25/25ra24.short
4100  - http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/2/25/25ra24.full
AB  - A variety of different vaccine types are available for H1N1 influenza A virus infections; however, their immunological mechanisms of action remain unclear. Here, we show that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and type I interferon (IFN)–mediated signaling delineate the immunogenicity of live attenuated virus, inactivated whole-virus (WV), and split-virus vaccines. Although Toll-like receptor 7 acted as the adjuvant receptor for the immunogenicity of both live virus and WV vaccines, the requirement for type I IFN production by pDCs for the immunogenicity of the vaccines was restricted to WV. A split vaccine commonly used in humans failed to immunize naïve mice, but a pDC-activating adjuvant could restore immunogenicity. In blood from human adults, however, split vaccine alone could recall memory T cell responses, underscoring the importance of this adjuvant pathway for primary, but not secondary, vaccination. Copyright © 2010, American Association for the Advancement of Science