Contents

Contents

• Editorial

  • Preterm Birth: Now the Leading Cause of Child Death Worldwide

    By Joy E. Lawn, Mary Kinney

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ed21 Full AccessRestricted Access

    Preterm birth is now the leading cause of death among young children worldwide, requiring a united effort to focus attention and investment on preventing prematurity.

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• Focus

  • The Blood-Brain Barrier’s Gut Check

    By Nga Bien-Ly, Ryan J. Watts

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263fs46 Full AccessRestricted Access

    The gut microbiota may influence blood-brain barrier permeability during embryonic development, and this effect may be maintained into adulthood.

    • Abstract
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  • The Host Battles Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

    By Markus Maeurer, Alimuddin Zumla

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263fs47 Full AccessRestricted Access

    The repurposed drug metformin reduces unproductive inflammation, refocuses host immune responses on the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and thus may improve treatment outcomes for drug-resistant tuberculosis.

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• Research Articles

  • The gut microbiota influences blood-brain barrier permeability in mice

    By Viorica Braniste, Maha Al-Asmakh, Czeslawa Kowal, Farhana Anuar, Afrouz Abbaspour, Miklós Tóth, Agata Korecka, Nadja Bakocevic, Lai Guan Ng, Parag Kundu, Balázs Gulyás, Christer Halldin, Kjell Hultenby, Harriet Nilsson, Hans Hebert, Bruce T. Volpe, Betty Diamond, Sven Pettersson

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ra158 Full AccessRestricted Access

    The intestinal microbiota helps to maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier in fetal and adult mice.

    • Editor's Summary
    • Abstract
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    • Supplementary Materials

  • Metformin as adjunct antituberculosis therapy

    By Amit Singhal, Liu Jie, Pavanish Kumar, Gan Suay Hong, Melvin Khee-Shing Leow, Bhairav Paleja, Liana Tsenova, Natalia Kurepina, Jinmiao Chen, Francesca Zolezzi, Barry Kreiswirth, Michael Poidinger, Cynthia Chee, Gilla Kaplan, Yee Tang Wang, Gennaro De Libero

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ra159 Full AccessRestricted Access

    Metformin can be repurposed as host-directed therapy for tuberculosis.

    • Editor's Summary
    • Abstract
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    • Supplementary Materials

  • Rational design of small molecules as vaccine adjuvants

    By Tom Y.-H. Wu, Manmohan Singh, Andrew T. Miller, Ennio De Gregorio, Francesco Doro, Ugo D’Oro, David A. G. Skibinski, M. Lamine Mbow, Simone Bufali, Ann E. Herman, Alex Cortez, Yongkai Li, Bishnu P. Nayak, Elaine Tritto, Christophe M. Filippi, Gillis R. Otten, Luis A. Brito, Elisabetta Monaci, Chun Li, Susanna Aprea, Sara Valentini, Samuele Calabrό, Donatello Laera, Brunella Brunelli, Elena Caproni, Padma Malyala, Rekha G. Panchal, Travis K. Warren, Sina Bavari, Derek T. O’Hagan, Michael P. Cooke, Nicholas M. Valiante

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ra160 Full AccessRestricted Access

    Small-molecule immune potentiators can be engineered to be potent adjuvants with localized innate immune activation and short in vivo residence times.

    • Editor's Summary
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    • Supplementary Materials

  • A combination therapy for KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinomas using lipophilic bisphosphonates and rapamycin

    By Yifeng Xia, Yi-Liang Liu, Yonghua Xie, Wei Zhu, Francisco Guerra, Shen Shen, Narayana Yeddula, Wolfgang Fischer, William Low, Xiaoying Zhou, Yonghui Zhang, Eric Oldfield, Inder M. Verma

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ra161 Full AccessRestricted Access

    Lipophilic bisphosphonates combined with rapamycin inhibit the growth of KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinomas in mouse models.

    • Editor's Summary
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    • Supplementary Materials

• Editors' Choice

  • Monkeying Around with LDL Receptor Levels

    By Saptarsi M. Haldar

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ec197 Full AccessRestricted Access

    A nuclear receptor signaling pathway’s effect on LDL receptor and cholesterol homeostasis is strikingly different between mice and monkeys.

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  • Inhaling H(₂)ope

    By Kumaran Kolandaivelu

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ec198 Full AccessRestricted Access

    Inhaled hydrogen may improve survival and neurological outcomes following cardiac arrest.

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  • Finding a Needle in a Myeloid Haystack

    By Justin D. Lathia

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ec199 Full AccessRestricted Access

    Analysis of the myeloid compartment reveals a rare intratumoral dendritic cell population that stimulates cytotoxic T cells in multiple tumor types.

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  • Heating Up: The Genetics of Febrile Seizures

    By Heather C. Mefford

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ec200 Full AccessRestricted Access

    An array of rare and common genetic variants is associated with the fever-related seizures typically seen in children.

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  • Shaping Up with the Gut Microbiota

    By June L. Round

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263ec201 Full AccessRestricted Access

    Host genetics influences the composition of the gut microbiota and reveals a family of bacteria that may prevent weight gain.

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• Podcast

  • Science Translational Medicine Podcast: 19 November 2014

    By Inder M. Verma, Yevgeniya Nusinovich

    Science Translational Medicine19 Nov 2014 : 263pc6 Full AccessRestricted Access

    Inder M. Verma talks about combining bisphosphonates and rapamycin to treat lung cancer.

    • Abstract