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Research ArticleConsciousness
A Theoretically Based Index of Consciousness Independent of Sensory Processing and Behavior
- Adenauer G. Casali1,*,†,
- Olivia Gosseries2,*,
- Mario Rosanova1,
- Mélanie Boly2,‡,
- Simone Sarasso1,
- Karina R. Casali1,3,
- Silvia Casarotto1,
- Marie-Aurélie Bruno2,
- Steven Laureys2,
- Giulio Tononi4 and
- Marcello Massimini1,5,§
- 1Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
- 2Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
- 3Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, 12231-280 São José dos Campos, Brazil.
- 4Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
- 5Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy.
- ↵§Corresponding author. E-mail: marcello.massimini{at}unimi.it
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Science Translational Medicine 14 Aug 2013:
Vol. 5, Issue 198, pp. 198ra105
DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006294
Vol. 5, Issue 198, pp. 198ra105
DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006294
Adenauer G. Casali
1Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
Olivia Gosseries
2Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Mario Rosanova
1Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
Mélanie Boly
2Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Simone Sarasso
1Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
Karina R. Casali
1Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
3Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, 12231-280 São José dos Campos, Brazil.
Silvia Casarotto
1Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
Marie-Aurélie Bruno
2Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Steven Laureys
2Coma Science Group, Cyclotron Research Centre and Neurology Department, University and University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
Giulio Tononi
4Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53719, USA.
Marcello Massimini
1Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ‘Luigi Sacco’, University of Milan, 20157 Milan, Italy.
5Istituto Di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, 20148 Milan, Italy.
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