Early antiretroviral therapy in neonates with HIV-1 infection restricts viral reservoir size and induces a distinct innate immune profile

Pilar Garcia-Broncano; Shivaali Maddali; Kevin B. Einkauf; Chenyang Jiang; Ce Gao; Joshua Chevalier; Fatema Z. Chowdhury; Kenneth Maswabi; Gbolahan Ajibola; Sikhulile Moyo; Terence Mohammed; Thabani Ncube; Joseph Makhema; Patrick Jean-Philippe; Xu G. Yu; Kathleen M. Powis; Shahin Lockman; Daniel R. Kuritzkes; Roger Shapiro; Mathias Lichterfeld

doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aax7350

Research ArticleHIV

Early antiretroviral therapy in neonates with HIV-1 infection restricts viral reservoir size and induces a distinct innate immune profile

Pilar Garcia-Broncano¹,
Shivaali Maddali¹,
Kevin B. Einkauf¹,²,
Chenyang Jiang¹,²,
Ce Gao¹,
Joshua Chevalier¹,²,
Fatema Z. Chowdhury¹,
Kenneth Maswabi³,
Gbolahan Ajibola³,
Sikhulile Moyo³,
Terence Mohammed³,
Thabani Ncube³,
Joseph Makhema³,
Patrick Jean-Philippe⁴,
Xu G. Yu ¹,²,⁵,
Kathleen M. Powis ³,⁵,⁶,⁷,
Shahin Lockman²,³,⁵,
Daniel R. Kuritzkes²,⁵,
Roger Shapiro³,⁵,⁷ and
Mathias Lichterfeld ¹,²,⁵,*

¹Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
²Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
³Botswana-Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana.
⁴Division of AIDS, NIAID, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
⁵Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
⁶Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
⁷Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

↵*Corresponding author. Email: mlichterfeld{at}partners.org

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Science Translational Medicine 27 Nov 2019:
Vol. 11, Issue 520, eaax7350
DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aax7350

Pilar Garcia-Broncano

Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

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Shivaali Maddali

Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

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Kevin B. Einkauf

Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

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Chenyang Jiang

Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

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Ce Gao

Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

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Joshua Chevalier

Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

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Fatema Z. Chowdhury

Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

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Kenneth Maswabi