Contents
21 October 2020
Vol 12, Issue 566
Vol 12, Issue 566
Editorial
- Achieving healthy human longevity: A global grand challenge
With continued advances in science and technology, there is great potential to extend our healthspan as we age.
Research Articles
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand production by the gut microbiota is decreased in celiac disease leading to intestinal inflammation
Impaired AhR ligand production by the gut microbiota decreases AhR pathway activation, promoting inflammation in celiac disease.
- ANXA11 mutations in ALS cause dysregulation of calcium homeostasis and stress granule dynamics
ANXA11 dysfunction induces alteration of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and stress granule disassembly in ALS.
- Albumin internalizes and inhibits endosomal TLR signaling in leukocytes from patients with decompensated cirrhosis
Leukocyte endosomal trafficking plays a critical role in the anti-inflammatory actions of human albumin.
- Calmodulin inhibitors improve erythropoiesis in Diamond-Blackfan anemia
Calmodulin inhibitors rescue erythropoiesis and p53-dependent phenotypes of Diamond-Blackfan anemia.
- Down-regulation of Beclin1 promotes direct cardiac reprogramming
Beclin1 suppresses induced cardiomyocyte reprogramming through an autophagy-independent, Wnt signaling–dependent pathway.
- Toward allele-specific targeting therapy and pharmacodynamic marker for spinocerebellar ataxia type 3
PolyQ ATXN3 is a pharmacodynamic marker for SCA3, and a SNP associated with the expanded allele may serve to specifically target mutant ATXN3.
Editors' Choice
- Antibiotics make a double play
In addition to antibacterial activity, tetracycline antibiotics induce disease tolerance by altering host mitochondrial function.
- Lymph nodes: The cradle for antitumor immunity
Tumor-draining lymph nodes control tumor-specific immune responses induced by anti–PD-L1 therapy.
- Treating diabetes with electromagnetic fields
Exposure to electromagnetic fields increases insulin sensitivity in diabetic mice, with altered redox homeostasis mediated by mitochondrial superoxide.
Letter
About The Cover
ONLINE COVER Could Bread Be Back on the Menu? The gut microbiota has been implicated in celiac disease, a disorder involving intolerance to dietary gluten resulting in intestinal inflammation and loss of gut microvilli. Lamas et al. demonstrate in both patients with celiac disease and mice with a genetic susceptibility to developing the disorder that the gut microbiota is less efficient at metabolizing tryptophan into aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands. Activation of the AhR pathway in these mice through a high-tryptophan diet or treatment with Lactobacillus producing AhR ligands or an AhR agonist ameliorated symptoms. These findings suggest a therapeutic strategy for treating celiac disease. [CREDIT: HAYK_SHALUNTS/SHUTTERSTOCK]
